Piston



J. R. PIPER AND W. R. SHRECKER.

PISTON.

APPucATmN FILED Aue.25. 1921.

1,411,512. Patented Apr. 4, 1922 s: Z] Z 8 Z5 5 ,IIIIIIIIIIII" station.

spec fication of Letters Patent.

Annex 4:, ta e/2..

[application 25, rest, Serial life, estate,

To a/ZZ whom it may camera: A

die it known that we, Josnrn is. and WILLIAM R. Snnaonnn, citizens ofthe Unwed States, residing at Worden, in the county of Madison, State ofIllinois, have invented a new and useful Piston, oi which the followingis a specification.

llhis invention relates to istons for explosive engines, one of itsoojects being to provide a piston made of aluminum alloy and oil iron.Heretofore attempts have been made to construct pistons of the twometals but, owing to the difference in the coefiicient of expansion ithas not been possible to secure a tight joint between the two metalsand, consequently, leakage has occurred.

@ne of? the objects of the invention is to provide a piston having thetrunk thereof made of aluminum alloy while the skirt of the piston isformed of gray iron, there being an expanding ring likewise formed ofgray iron and so mounted as to properly seal the piston and insure itscorrect working within the cylinder a A further object is to provide apiston which, by having a trunk formed of alumi new alloy, will notcollect carbon, there being means, however, for protecting thealuminiuni so that no part of the trunk is exposed to wear.

A still further object is to provide a piston which is light and thewearing parts of which can be replaced easily at small cost,

'With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and claimed, it being understood that, within the scope oiwhat is claimed, changes in the precise embodiment of the invention shecan be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

ln the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention hasbeen shown.

In said drawings Figure l is an elevation of a piston constructed inaccordance with the present invention, a portion of the skirt or bandbeing broken away.

Figure 2 is a central longitudinal section through the piston.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3, Figure 2.

Referring to the figures by characters of reference 1 desi ates thetrunk of the piston, the same being formed of an aluminum alloy andhaving opposed bearings 2 the pin 3'oi the piston rod. Formed in the o eface of this trunk adjacent the closed end the piston are annulargrooves l tor the r ception of oiston rings 5 of the usnel construction.A broader roove 6 is also termed in the outer surface 0 the trunk hasone wall beveled and undercut as shown at 7 while the opposed wall is atright angles to the outer surface of the trunk, as shown at 8. Engagingthe undercut Y of this groove is a wedging ring 9. Another annulai:groove 10 is formed in the enter surface of the trunk adjacent that endremote from the closed end of the piston and the of the trunk is reducedbetween grooves 8 and 10 so as to receive the shirt ii of the piston,This skirt is formed preferably of gray iron and is' rovided at one andwith an mwardly exten ing rib 12 adapted to be seated in the groove 10.At the other end the skirt has an inwardly extending rib l3 adapted tobe seated in the groove 6, this end of the skirt and the correspondingface oi? the rib 13 being beveled so asto engage the wedging ring 9. Thelongitudinal edges of the skirt 11 are cut away to ionn lips ll whichlap as shown in Figure 3 so as thus to provide a sealed connectionbetween the said portions of the shirt.

Obviously when the piston is in use the skirt 11 will properly engagethe wall of the cylinder and insure a tightconnection the shirt becomesworn it can be removed readily and another substituted therefor: llhusthe trunk of the piston is protected at all times and can be made of analuminum, alloy. Any variation in the relative position of the parts dueto the difierence of their coeficients of expansion will beautomatically compensated for by the wedging ring This wedging ring alsoautomatically talres up end wear upon the skirt. The sh rt or sleeve 11also prevents the end of the pin 3 from scarring the wall of thecylinder. The space between the sh'rt or sleeve 11 and the trunk will befilled with oil which thus forms a cushion and prevents the iston fromflapping while reciprocating. his oil is adrmtted to the space betweenthe skirt and the bod or trunk through openings 15 formed in t e trunk.

What is claimed is:--

1. A piston including a trunk having spaced annular grooves, thatportion of the trunk between the grooves being of reduced diameter, awedging ring seated in one of the grooves, a skirt surrounding thereduced portion of the trunk and havlng inwardly extending ribs seatedWithin the respective grooves, one of said ribs engaging the wedgingring, there being a space between the skirt and the trunk for thereception of oil, there being openings through the trunk and openinginto this s ace.

2. The combination with a trunk having spaced grooves. that portion ofthe trunk between the grooves being of reduced diameter, of a taperedwedging ring seated within one of the grooves, said ring being lapped byone of the walls of the groove, said wall and corresponding face of thering being beveled, a skirt surrounding the reduced portion of the trunkand having inwardly extending ribs seated Within the spaced grooves, oneend of the skirt engaging the wedging ring, there being an annular oilreceiving space between the skirt and the trunk and communicating withthe interior of the trunk.

3. The combination with a trunk having annular spaced grooves, thatportion of the said groove havin an undercut wall engaging the ring forefiecting the ring toward the other wall of the groove when the ring isexpanded in the groove, a skirt having lapping edges and surrounding thereduced portion of the trunk, inwardly extending ribs upon the skirt andseated within the respective grooves, one of said ribs and thecorresponding end of the skirt engagingkthe wedging ring, there being anoil receiving space between the skirt and the trunk and communicatingwith the interior of the trunk.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own, we have heretoafiixed our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

JGSEPH R. PIPER. WILLIAM R. SHRECKER.

Witnesses: MABEL F. UNGER, Mrs. F. ALBRECHT.

